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LYMPHATHATHIC SYSTEM OF HEAD & NECK
 1. ÀÓÆÄ °è(Lymphatic system)
   
 
  ±×¸² 9-1 Lymph node ÀÇ ±¸Á¶ from p.677 from
                principles of Anatomy &physiology 8th
                edition
  
Àӯİè´Â ÀÓÆÄ °ü (lymphatic vessels)°ú Áß°£ Áß°£¿¡
  Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â ÀÓÆÄ Àý(lymph node)·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ¸ç ÀÓÆÄ Àý¿¡´Â
  ¼öÃâ ÀÓÆÄ °ü (efferent vessels)°ú ¼öÀÔ ÀÓÆÄ °ü(afferent
  vessels)ÀÌ ¿¬°áµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. Áúº´, ¼Õ»ó, ÈíÀÔ, À½½Ä¹°
  ¼·Ãëµî¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ü³»¿¡ µé¾î¿Â °¨¿°¼º »ý¹° ¶Ç´Â
  ÀÌ ¹°ÁúÀÌ ÀÓÆÄ ¸ð¼¼°üÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© ÀÓÆÄ °è ³»·Î
  µé¾î¿À¸é ÀÓÆÄ Àý¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¼¼ ¸Á ³»ÇÇ ¼¼Æ÷
  (reticuloendotheial cells)¿¡ ÀÇÇØ »ì±Õ ¶Ç´Â Æ÷½ÄµÇ°í
  ¾ÏÀº ÀÓÆÄ°è¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© ÀüÀ̵ǹǷΠÀÓÆÄ °è´Â Áß¿äÇÑ
  ±¸Á¶¹°ÀÌ´Ù.
 
2. ÀÓÆÄÀÇ °æ·Î
   µÎ °¡Áö °æ·Î·Î ³ª´µ¾îÁ® Ç÷·ù¿¡ ÇÕÃÄÁö¸ç Áï
     ÁÂÃøÀÇ ¸Ó¸®¿Í ¸ñ, Èä°ûÀÇ ÁÂÃø, º¹ºÎ, Ãø »óÁö
     ¹× ¾çÃø  ÇÏÁö µîÀÇ ÀÓÆÄ´Â ¸ðµÎ ÇÕÃÄÁ® °á±¹
     Å« ÀӯİüÀÎ Èä°ü(thoracic duct)¿¡ ÀÇÇØ
     °ÅµÎ¾îÁö¸ç ¿ìÃø ¹× ¿ìÃø »óÁöÀÇ ÀÓÆÄ´Â ¿ì
     ÀÓÆÄ °ü¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °ÅµÎ¾î Áø´Ù.
 
3. ÀÓÆÄÀýÀÇ À§Ä¡
    
    
±×¸²9-2 Lymph node ÀÇ À§Ä¡ from p.747 from
      human ANATOMY &PHYSIOLOGY 4TH EDITION
      
a) ÀÌÇÏ ¼± ÀÓÆÄ Àý (parotid lymph node) - ÀÌÇϼ±ÀÇ
          À§¿Í ¼Ó¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÏ´Â 4-5°³ÀÇ ÀÓÆÄ Àý
     b) ÀεΠÈÄ ÀÓÆÄ Àý (retropharyngeal lymph nodes) -
         °æ±Ù ¸· ÃßÀü¿±°ú ÀεÎÇǺÎÀÇT»çÀÌ ¾à 5°³°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
    c) ¾Ç ÇÏ ÀÓÆÄ Àý (submandibular lymph nodes) - ÇϾǰñ°ú
        ¾ÇÇÏ ¼±ÀÇ »çÀÌ¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
   d) ÀÌÇÏ ÀÓÆÄ Àý (submental lymph nodes) - Åιؿ¡ 2-3°³ ÀÖ´Ù.
   e) ¼³ ÀÓÆÄ Àý (lingual nodes) - ¼³ ÈĺΠ¨÷ÀÇ Ãø¹æ¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÏ´Â
       2-4°³ÀÇ ÀÓÆÄ Àý
   f) Çù ÀÓÆÄ Àý (buccal nodes) -Çù±Ù À§¿¡ 3-6°³ ¾ñÇô ÀÖ´Ù.
   g) ½É¾È ¸é ÀÓÆÄ Àý (deep facial lymph nodes) - ¾È¸é ±í¼÷ÀÌ
       À§Ä¡Çϰí 4-5°³ÀÖ´Ù.
  h) ½É°æ ÀÓÆÄ Àý (deep cervical lymph nodes) - ³»°æ Á¤¸ÆÀ»
      µû¶ó À§Ä¡ÇÏ´Â 15-30°³ÀÇ ÀÓÆÄ Àý
  i) õ °æ ÀÓÆÄ Àý (superficial cervical nodes) - õ °æ Á¤¸Æ
     (anterior jugular v.) À» µû¶ó À§Ä¡ÇÏ´Â 5-8 °³ÀÇ ÀÓÆÄ Àý
  j) À̰è ÈÄ ÀÓÆÄ Àý (posterior aunicular lymph nodes) -
     À¯¾ç µ¹±âÀÇ À§¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÑ 2-3°³ÀÇ ÀÓÆÄ Àý
 k) °æÀÓ ÆÄº»°£ - ³»°æ Á¤¸ÆÀ» µû¶ó ³»·Á°¡ ³»°æ Á¤¸Æ°ú
     ¼â°ñ ÇÏ Á¤¸ÆÀÌ ÀÌ·ç´Â Á¤¸Æ °¢¿¡ À¯ÀÔÇÑ´Ù.
 l) ¿ìÀÓ ÆÄ °ü(right lymphatic duct) - ªÀº °£ÀÌ¸ç ¿ì°æ
    ÀÓÆÄº» °£, ¼â°ñ ÇÏ ÀÓÆÄ º»°£, ±â°üÁö Á¾°Ý Àӯİ£ÀÇ
    ÁýÇÕ¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù.
 m) Èä°ü(thoracic duct)- Á¦ 2 ¿ä Ãß (lumbar vertebra) ¾Õ¿¡
     ÀÖ´Â À¯¹ÌÁ¶(cistema chyli) ¿¡¼­ ½ÃÀÛÇÏ¿© Èä´ë µ¿¸Æ
     (thoracic aorta) ÀÇ ÈĹæÀ» À­ÂÊÀ¸·Î »¸¾î Á ¼â°ñ
     ÇÏ Á¤¸Æ°ú ³»°æÁ¤¸ÆÀÌ ÀÌ·ç´Â Á¤¸Æ°¢(venousangle)¿¡
    À¯ÀÔÇÑ´Ù.

 
4.  ¼öÀÔ °ü°ú ¼öÃâ °üÀÇ ºñ±³  

ÀÓÆÄ Àý
    (lymph nodes)

 ¼öÀÔ °ü (afferent vessels)

  ¼öÃâ  (efferent vessels) 

     ÀÌÇϼ± ÀÓÆÄ Àý
     (Parotid lymph node
      lymph nodes)

  ÀÌÇÏ ¼±, ºñ ºÎ, ¾È °Ë,
  ¿ÜÀÌ, ¿ÜÀ̵µ, ÀüµÎ ¹×
  Ãø¹æ

»ó½É °æ ÀÓÆÄ Àý (ß¾
   ä¢Ìòìø÷éï½superior deep
   cervical lymph     nodes)
   nodes

     ÀÎ µÎ ÈÄ ÀÓÆÄ Àý
  (retropharyngeal lymph
   nodes)

  ¿¬±¸°³, ºñ°­ÀÇ ÈÄ ¨ø,
  ºÎ ºñ°­, ÀεÎ, À̰ü ¹×
  °í½Ç

   »ó½É °æ ÀÓÆÄ Àý

¾Ç ÇÏ ÀÓÆÄ Àý
   (submandibular lymph
    nodes)

  1.   ÇÏ ¾Ç °ßÄ¡, ¼Ò ±¸Ä¡,
 ´ë±¸Ä¡ ±×¸®°í »ó ¾Ç
 Ä¡ ¹× Ä¡ °£

  2. »ó¼ø ¹× ÇϼøÀÇ ¿ÜÃø

  3. ÇôÀÇ ¿ÜÃø ¿¬

  4. ºñ°­ÀÇ ÀüºÎ

  5. ¾Ç ÇÏ ¼± ¹× ¼³ ÇÏ ¼±

   »ó½É °æ ÀÓÆÄ Àý

ÀÌ ÇÏ ÀÓÆÄ Àý

(submental lymph nodes)

 1. ÇÏ ¾Ç ÀýÄ¡ ¹× Ä¡Àº
 
2. ÇϼøÀÇ Áß¾ÓºÎ
 3. ÇôÀÇ Àü¹ÝºÎ
 4. ±¸°­ ó

  »ó½É °æ ÀÓÆÄ Àý

¼³ ÀÓÆÄ Àý
     (lingual lymph nodes)

ÇôÀÇ ½ÉºÎ ¹× õºÎ

¾Ç ÇÏ ÀÓÆÄ Àý

 Çù ÀÓÆÄ Àý
    (buccal lymph nodes)

         ¾È ¸é

       ¾Ç ÇÏ ÀÓÆÄ Àý

½É¾È ¸é ÀÓÆÄ Àý
       (deep facial
        lymph nodes)

    1.  ¾È ¿Í
     
2.  ºñ °­
    3. Ãø µÎ ¿Í, Ãø µÎ ÇÏ¿Í
        ¹× ÀÍ ±¸ °³¿Í
    4. ±¸°³
    5. ÀεÎÀÇ ºñºÎ
    6. ±¸°³Æíµµ

        »ó½É °æ ÀÓÆÄ Àý

 »ó½É°æ ÀÓÆÄ Àý(superior
deep cervical lymph
nodes)

 ¾È¸é ¹× ±¸°­ÀÇ ÀÓÆÄ ÀýÀÇ  ¼öÃâ °ü

      ÇÏ½É °æ ÀÓÆÄ Àý

ÇÏ½É °æ ÀÓÆÄ Àý
 (inferior deep cervical
 lymph nodes)

 »ó½É °æ ÀÓÆÄ ÀýÀÇ  ¼öÃâ °ü

°æÀÓ ÆÄ º»°£ (jugular
       trunk)

 Ãµ°æ ÀÓÆÄ Àý(superficia
cervical lymph nodes)

1. °æ(Ìò)ÀÇ ÃµºÎ
       
2. ÀÌÇÏ ¼±

 ½É°æ ÀÓÆÄ Àý

5.  Homeosatic Interrelationship between the lymphatic
 system/immunity and Other Body functions
  6.1 Integumentary system
  - Lymphatic vessels pick up leaked plasma fluid and proteins
     from the dermis; lymphocytes in lymph enhance the skin¡¯s
     protective role by defending against specific pathogens
     via the immune response
      
     
±×¸² 9-3 LYMPHOCYTE from p.748 from principles of
     Anatomy & physiology 8th edition
  
The skin's keratinized epithelium provides a mechanical
     barrier to pathogens;
     Langerhans - cells and dermal macrophages act as
                         antigen presenters in the immune
                         response; acid pH of skin secretions
                         inhibits growth of bacteria on the skin
  
3.1 Skeletal System
  
3.1.1 Lymphatic vessels pick up leaked plasma
           fluid and proteins from the periostea;
           immune cells protect bones from pathogens
           The bones house hematopoietic tissue
           (red marrow) which produces the lymphocytes
           (and macrophages) that populate the lymphoid
            organs and provide body immunity
   
3.2 Muscular System
   
3.2.1 Lymphatic vessels pick up leaked fluids and
           proteins from skeletal muscle; Immune cells
           protect muscles from pathogens
   
3.2.2 The skeletal muscle pump aids the flow
            of lymph; heat produced during muscle
            activity initiates feverlike effects; muscles
            protect superficial lymph nodes
   
3.3 Nervous System
   
3.3.1 Lymphatic vessels pick up leaked
            plasma fluid and proteins in the
            peripheral nervous system structures;
            immune cells
            protect PNS structures from specific pathogens
    
3.3.2 The nervous system innervates larger lymphatics;
             opiate neuropeptides influence immune functions;
             the brain helps regulate immune response; emotions
             affect T cell activity
    
3.4 Endocrine System
    
3.4.1 Lymphatic vessels pick up leaked fluids and
            proteins; lymph distributes hormones; immune
            cells protect endocrine organs
            - The thymus produces hormones that promote
               that promote development of lymphatic
               organs and ?program? T lymphocytes; hormones
               released during stress depress immune activity
      
3.5 Cardiovascular System
      
3.5.1 Lymphatic vessels pick up leaked plasma and
              proteins; spleen destroys aged RBCs, stores
              iron and platelets, and removes
              debris from blood; immune cells protect
              cardiovascular organs from specific pathogens
        
3.5.2 Blood is the source of lymph; lymphatics
                develop from veins; blood provides the route
                for circulation of immune elements
          
3.6 Respiratory System
                - Lymphatic vessels pick up leaked fluids
                   and proteins from respiratory organs;
                   immune cells protect respiratory organs
                   from specific pathogens; the tonsils
                   and plasma cells in the respiratory
                   mucosa (which secrete IgA) prevent
                   pathogen invasion
           
3.6.1 The lungs provide oxygen needed
                    by lymphoid/immune cells and eliminate
                    carbon dioxide; the pharynx houses the
                    tonsils; the respiratory pump aids lymph
                    flow.
           
3.7 Digestive System
           
3.7.1 Lymphatic vessels pick up leaked fluids
                   and proteins from digestive organs; lymph
                   transports some products of fat digestion
                   to the blood; lymphoid nodules in the
                   wall of the intestine prevent invasion of
                   pathogens.
          
3.7.2  The digestive system digests and absorbs
                    nutrients needed by cells of lymphatic
                    organs; gastric acidity inhibits pathogens
                    entry into blood
                    i) Urinary System
                        - Lymphatic vessels pick up leaked fluid
                          and proteins from urinary organs;
                          immune cells protect urinary organs from
                          specific pathogens
                      - Urinary system eliminates wastes and
                         maintains homeostatic water/acid-base/
                         electrolyte balance of the blood for
                         lymphoid/immune cell functioning; urine
                         flushes some pathogens out of the body
          
3.8  Reproductive System
                 - Lymphatic vessels pick up leaked fluid and
                    proteins from reproductive organs; immune
                    cells protect against pathogens
                    
Reproductive organs - hormones may influence
                     immune functioning; acidity of vaginal secretions
                     is bacteriostatic
                                      -THE END-
 


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